California Attorney General Rob Bonta has announced a lawsuit against Amazon, alleging that the company is causing increased prices across California with anticompetitive practices, in violation of California’s Unfair Competition Law and Cartwright Act.

Reportedly, Amazon prevents online retailers from competing by requiring them to enter into restrictive agreements penalizing them if they offer lower prices elsewhere, including competing sites like Walmart, Target, eBay, and, often, on their own websites. Merchants who do not comply get less prominent listings, lose their ‘Buy Box’ (where the buyer sees what Amazon deems the best deal), and can even be suspended or terminated from selling on Amazon.

With more than 160 million Prime members in the U.S. and 25 million in California alone, Amazon has garnered substantial market power, not by competing successfully, but through coerced agreements, the lawsuit alleges.

One seller was quoted in the announcement, saying, “We have nowhere else to go and Amazon knows it”.

The Attorney General has sought an order from the San Francisco Superior Court to enforce the following:

prohibit Amazon from entering into and enforcing anticompetitive contracts
require Amazon to affirmatively notify vendors that it does not require sellers to offer prices on par with off-Amazon prices
appoint a Court-approved monitor responsible for ensuring Amazon’s compliance with the Court’s order
order damages to compensate for the harms to consumers through increased prices and
order Amazon to return its ill-gotten gains and pay penalties, to deter other companies from engaging in unfair competition.

“With today’s lawsuit, we’re fighting back. We won’t allow Amazon to bend the market to its will at the expense of California consumers, small business owners, and a fair and competitive economy,” said Attorney General Bonta.

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